Viral Gastroenteritis (“Stomach bug/ Flu”)
That first rumble in the guts…. Or worse, a family member or workmate running to the restroom before the need to purge overtakes them….
These are the sounds that the “stomach bug” has potentially made an appearance. Viral gastroenteritis is an illness that everyone has likely experienced at least once in their life. Whether the main symptoms include nausea and vomiting or diarrhea– this can make you MISERABLE for at least the next 24 hours.
Norovirus is one of the most common causative agents and can be detected with a rapid stool (feces) test. Rotavirus is another common cause.1 But that is two. Just two! There are potentially dozens or more viruses or bacteria that can cause these symptoms. However, for the purposes of this article, we will stick to the viral causes. Also, because this illness is typically short-lived (though it certainly doesn’t feel like it at the time you are experiencing it), you probably won’t visit the doctor.
PREVENTION
So, how do we prevent the “stomach bug?” Well, first of all, it is important to keep your hands clean and to cook foods thoroughly (although food-borne vomiting or diarrhea are usually caused by bacteria and not a virus). Also, if you do get sick then you should stay home to prevent making others sick.2
There are a few other things that can also help keep you well. Stay hydrated (electrolytes can also help). Keep your guts happy and take a good probiotic. Finally, a mixture of apple cider vinegar and water can help build up a healthier population of bacteria in your gastrointestinal tract.3
Symptoms
Symptoms can last up to two days and likely include feeling sick (nausea), vomiting, and/ or diarrhea. Some other symptoms may include a fever (not as likely), tiredness, headache, and overall achiness.2 Usually, you will get sick one to two days after you have been exposed. Within two to three days, you’ll probably be back to normal.
There are a few “alarm” symptoms that should prompt a visit to your doctor. These include:
Bloody or dark and gritty vomit
Green or yellow vomit
Stiff neck/ neck pain
Severe headache
Sensitivity to light
Severe abdominal pain
You should also see the doctor if you think you have ingested a poisonous substance.2
Action plan
So, if you have been unfortunate enough to contract a viral “stomach bug” what can you do to feel better? There are several things. As mentioned already, stay hydrated. The best way to do this is to drink broth or plain water. Ice is also great. Coconut water is a wonderful natural electrolyte replacement.3 Although clear soda, pre-made electrolyte replacements, and non-caffeinated sports drinks may be top of mind, the sugar content is not especially good in this case.1 As you start to feel better, you can add in some solid foods. Some of the best foods are soda crackers, applesauce, bananas, soup, toast, oats, plain noodles, and rice. Caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, fatty food, and heavy seasonings should be avoided until you are recovered.1
Natural Remedies
There are a few over the counter medications which can be helpful. These include pepto-bismol and imodium (specifically for diarrhea).1 However, there are homeopathic and herbal remedies that can help as well. As always, before taking any new medication or supplement– check with your physician to make sure it’s safe! Some of these herbal remedies include:3,4,5
Aloe juice (to ease diarrhea and soothe the guts)
Apple cider vinegar (soothe nausea)
Sweet basil
Peppermint
Spearmint
Columbo
Peach leaves
White poplar bark
Clover
Fennel
Ginger
Licorice
Oregano
These can all be steeped and made into a tea.
Some other natural remedies include arsenicum album, ipecac, phosphorous, sulfur, and podophyllum. Anecdotally, these remedies are mostly useful in cases of diarrhea, gas, and stomach cramps although arsenicum album has also been shown useful in cases of vomiting.4
Conclusions
Viral gastroenteritis is a fairly common seasonal illness. While it is unpleasant, and usually not serious, it is important to know how to prevent getting sick and how to feel better.
References:
Mayo Clinic. Viral gastroenteritis (Stomach flu)-Viral gastroenteritis (Stomach flu) - Diagnosis & treatment. Mayo Clinic. January 18, 2022. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20378852
National Health Service. Norovirus(Vomiting bug). nhs.uk. October 19, 2017. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/norovirus/
Damianou P. Gastroenteritis (Stomach flu): symptoms & treatments! Vita4you Blog. January 25, 2024. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://www.vita4you.gr/blog-vita4you/en/item/gastroenteritis-symptoms-and-treatment.html
Wong C. How different natural remedies can treat your diarrhea symptoms. Verywell Health. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://www.verywellhealth.com/homeopathic-remedies-for-diarrhea-88341
Kloss J. Back to Eden: The Classic Guide to Herbal Medicine, Natural Foods, and Home Remedies since 1939. 2nd ed. Lotus Press; 2004.
